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On 1 July 2010, the three neighboring cities of Masan, Changwon and Jinhae unified to create Unified Changwon City, with a population of 1.04 million. The 47.1 metres (155 ft) monument is "dedicated to the 1,142 soldiers from Gyeongsangnam province that died in the Korean War." In 1985, the Korean War Monument ( 충혼탑) in Changwon's Uichang gu was constructed. Underground walkways are able to serve as bomb shelters and roads and buildings in the planned city are numbered for efficient use in evacuation. This road, Changwon Daero, is meant to serve as an airplane runway in a state of emergency as Changwon was designed to be South Korea's emergency backup capital city. The country's longest straight road was constructed in Changwon, with a length of 15.27 kilometres (9.49 mi), with the industrial park to the south and residential complexes constructed to the north. The Changwon Industrial Complex was built in the south of the city, while Changwon began urban planning modelling itself after Canberra, Australia. In 1974, Changwon was selected to be an industrial and residential centre, as well as the provincial capital.
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In 1970, the Masan Free Export Zone was opened to encourage foreign business to move to the area. Eventually, Changwon was separated from Masan-bu. During the Japanese colonial period, the city became known as Masan-bu, and Masan Port was opened. In 1908 Ungcheon-gun merged with nearby Jinhae-gun. In 1895, the country was reorganized into 23 divisions by King Gojong, and Changwondae-do hobu was split into Changwon-gun and Ungcheon-gun.
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Later during the King Sunjo Period (1601), it became Changwondae-do hobu. In 1415, he renamed Changwon-bu to Changwon-dohobu. The name Changwon was first used in 1408 during the Joseon period, when King Taejong established the city as Changwon-bu.
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During the Unified Silla Period, this region was renamed to Uian-gun in 739 AD, during the reorganization of all Silla provinces, then in the Goryeo Period, to Uichang-hyeon. In 209 AD, during the Three Kingdoms period, the area was named Gulja-gun, a province of the Silla kingdom. Typical Iron Age landmarks include Bangyedong monuments, dolmens, holy mounds, lower molar sites, and dolmens from Bronze Age settlements. Today ruins can be found in the area dating from the Iron Age. Populated since the early Bronze Age, the area surrounding Masan Bay would have been a wide open region between the ocean and the hilly lands of the coastal plain. The city has also branded itself an "environmental capital" with the municipal government actively participating in climate change conferences and committing to the development of sustainable policies like the globally recognized bike-sharing program, Nubija. Īs Korea's first planned city, modeled after Canberra, Australia, Changwon uses accessible urban planning including many parks and separate residential and industrial areas. On 1 July 2010, the cities of Changwon, Jinhae, and Masan merged to form the current city of Changwon. In 1974, with the creation of the Changwon National Industrial Complex, the three historically interdependent cities of Masan, Jinhae, and Changwon began to undergo significant economic development, growing into an important industrial centre. The region has been inhabited since the Bronze Age, and its urban areas have been renamed and re-organized many times throughout history. The city of Miryang lies to the northeast, and Jinju to the west. Ī port city, Changwon is bordered by Masan Bay to the south, and the cities of Busan and Gimhae to the east. With a population of 1.07 million as of 2015, Changwon is South Korea's ninth-most populous city. Changwon ( Korean pronunciation: ) is the capital city of Gyeongsangnam-do, on the southeast coast of South Korea.